Computer models of cell polarity establishment in plants

Cell polarity is a specific characteristic that allows cells to display asymmetric behavior depending on their orientation in space. Plant cells are capable to regulate their polarity in order to regulate developmental processes like embryogenesis, cell division, and response to external stimuli. The polar transport of the phytohormone auxin is the most notable effect of cell polarity. Auxin, one of the most important phytohormone is in fact transported in polar fashion from cell to cell, and the correct determination of cell polarity is essential to distribute auxin in a proper way and promote plant growth. Although the biological processes of cell polarity establishment are still unknown, several models have been proposed and tested using computer simulations. This review provides an overview of current understanding of computer models of cell polarity establishment in plants, focusing on molecular and cellular mechanisms, involved proteins, and the current state of the field.